Moulting is linked to the seasons

Many owners complain that their pets shed a lot, but in most cases, shedding is normal. Knowing why dogs and cats shed helps to understand that shedding can be continuous.

Hair growth in dogs and cats is not permanent, but cyclical. Each cycle comprises a growth phase, a transition phase and a rest phase. The cycles are influenced by several factors, including diet, hormones and health, but the most important is the amount of light (photoperiod) and changes in ambient temperature. Dogs in northern regions tend to moult twice a year, in spring and autumn, when the temperature and day length change. As the mercury rises or falls, and the days get longer or shorter, the brain instructs the hair follicles to intensify their activity. Hair growth is generally most intense in summer and least intense in winter. Animals that live mainly indoors are generally subject to changes in temperature (inside and outside) and lighting (artificial light on or off) throughout the year. As a result, these animals shed, sometimes profusely, all year round.

If you suspect that your pet is shedding abnormally, consult your veterinarian first. If a thorough examination reveals no health problems, there are ways to minimize the effects of shedding. Diet has an important effect on skin and coat health. Supplements such as cod liver oil are not necessary if the animal receives a complete and balanced diet. If this is not the case, it is preferable to adopt a well-balanced diet. Dietary supplements, such as omega fatty acids, can help reduce shedding, if the latter is attributable to a fatty acid deficiency.

Daily brushing is good for the coat and helps to collect hair before it falls out. From a housekeeping point of view, it's better to clean one brush than the whole house.

The frequency of bathing and the type of shampoo also influence hair loss. Shampoos designed for humans can cause excessive hair loss, as they can irritate the skin of animals. Over-frequent bathing can dry out the coat and cause excessive shedding.

Stress also plays a role in shedding. It's very common for dogs and cats to start shedding a lot during a visit to the vet. During periods of stress, the erector muscle attached to the hair follicle can exert pressure on the tip of the hair, causing premature shedding.