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Koshikiyama dogs originated on the Koshikijima Islands. They are descended from jackals and are the result of crossbreeding between dogs and wild animals. During the Jōmon period in the Japanese archipelago, Jōmon dogs from Niida were preserved as purebred dogs, isolated from other parts of the island. During the Yayoi period, Jōmon dogs with different characteristics were introduced to Japan. It is believed that crossbreeding with other breeds led to the development of this distinct breed. Primarily used for hunting, Jōmon dogs were also employed for other activities. Most of them are thought to have led a semi-wild life. Although their age and other characteristics remain uncertain, during the Edo period, jackals from Koshiki Island, belonging to the Satsuma clan, were introduced. From these crossbreedings emerged the local hunting dog, called Satsuma, thus giving rise to this breed.
The Satsuma dog, crossed with a rabbit, gradually became famous among the Kagoshima clan as a hunting dog. However, its population gradually declined, and other breeds, purebred or hybrid, almost completely disappeared from the island of origin. Besides the proliferation of dogs during World War II, or their forced slaughter for the production of military furs, overfishing, overfishing, and other forms of violence were brought to light. After World War II, a resurgence in the Nipponinu population intensified, but most of the purebred dogs were not found. The Nipponinu Preservation Society, determined to preserve the breed, declared the Satsuma dog extinct. Nevertheless, many people believe in the survival of this breed and sometimes organize large-scale searches and expeditions. The Satsuma dog, a Spitz-type breed, is characterized by its erect ears and tail curled around its neck. It has slender legs, long, pointed eyes, and is reported to possess a powerful motor nervous system and superior musculature. Its coat is shorter than that of other Japanese breeds, and its color ranges from sesame to akatora, including red, brindle, and black. It is a medium-sized dog, loyal and cautious.
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