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Alaskan Malamute

Alaskan Malamute

FCI standard Nº 243
Origin
 U.S.A.
Group
 Group 5 Spitz and primitive types
Section
 Section 1 Nordic Sledge Dogs
Working
 Without working trial
Acceptance on a definitive basis by the FCI
 Monday 13 May 1963
Publication of the official valid standard
 Thursday 09 March 2023
Last update
 Friday 10 March 2023
En français, cette race se dit
 Alaskan Malamute
Diese Norm ist in deutscher Sprache sichtbar
 Alaskan Malamute
En español, esta raza se dice
 Malamute de Alaska
In het Nederlands, wordt dit ras gezegd
 Alaskan Malamute
This breed is also known as
Mal
Mally

Usage
Sledge dog.

General appearance
The Alaskan Malamute, one of the oldest Arctic sledge dogs, is a powerful and substantially built dog with deep chest and strong, well-muscled body. The Malamute stands well over the pads, and this stance gives the appearance of much activity and a proud carriage, with head erect and eyes alert showing interest and curiosity. The head is broad. Ears are triangular and erect when alerted. The muzzle is bulky, only slight diminishing in width from root to nose. The muzzle is not pointed or long, yet not stubby. The coat is thick with a coarse guard coat of sufficient length to protect a woolly undercoat. Malamutes are of various colors. Face markings are a distinguishing feature. These consist of a cap over the head, the face either all white or marked with a bar and/or a mask. The tail is well furred, carried over the back, and has the appearance of a waving plume. The Malamute must be a heavy boned dog with sound legs, good feet, deep chest and powerful shoulders, and have all of the other physical attributes necessary for the efficient performance of his job. The gait must be steady, balanced, tireless and totally efficient. He is not intended as a racing sledge dog designed to compete in speed trials. The Malamute is structured for strength and endurance, and any characteristic of the individual specimen, including temperament, which interferes with the accomplishment of this purpose, is to be considered the most serious of faults.

Important proportions
The depth of chest is approximately one half the height of the dog at the shoulders, the deepest point being just behind the forelegs. The length of the body from point of shoulder to the rear point of pelvis is longer than the height of the body from ground to top of the withers.

Behaviour / temperament
The Alaskan Malamute is an affectionate, friendly dog, not a « one-man » dog. He is a loyal, devoted companion, playful in invitation, but generally impressive by his dignity after maturity.

Head

Cranial region
Head
 The head is broad and deep, not coarse or clumsy, but in proportion to the size of the dog. The expression is soft and indicates an affectionate disposition.
Skull
 Broad and moderately rounded between the ears, gradually narrowing and flattening on top as it approaches the eyes, rounding off to cheeks. There is a slight furrow between the eyes. The topline of the skull and the topline of the muzzle show a slight break downward from a straight line as they join.  
Stop
 Shallow.

Facial region
Nose
 In all coat colors, except reds, the nose, lips, and eye rim pigmentation is black. Brown is permitted in red dogs. The lighter streaked « snow nose » is acceptable.
Muzzle
 Large and bulky in proportion to the size of the skull, diminishing slightly in width and depth from junction with the skull to the nose.
Lips
 Close fitting.
Jaws and teeth
 Broad with large teeth. The incisors meet with a scissor bite. Overshot or undershot is a fault.
Cheeks
 Moderately flat.
Eyes
 Obliquely placed in the skull. Eyes are brown, almond shaped and of medium size. Blue eyes are a disqualifying fault.
Ears
 Of medium size, but small in proportion to the head. The ears are triangular in shape and slightly rounded at tips. They are set wide apart on the outside back edges of the skull on line with the upper corner of the eye, giving ears the appearance, when erect, of standing off from the skull. Erect ears point slightly forward, but when the dog is at work, the ears are sometimes folded against the skull. High set ears are a fault.

Neck
Strong and moderately arched.

Body
Body
 Compactly built but not short coupled. The body carries no excess weight, and bone is in proportion to size.
Back
 Straight and gently sloping to the hips.
Loin
 Hard and well muscled. A long loin that may weaken the back is a fault.
Chest
 Well developed.

Tail
Moderately set; follows the line of the spine at the base. Carried over the back when not working. It is not a snap tail or curled tight against the back, nor is it short furred like a fox brush. The Malamute tail is well furred and has the appearance of a waving plume.

Limbs

Forequarters
Generality
 Forelegs heavily boned and muscled.
Shoulders
 Moderately sloping.
Forearm
 straight to the pasterns when viewed from the front.
Pastern
 Short and strong and slightly sloping when viewed from the side.

Hindquarters
Generality
 The rear legs are broad. When viewed from the rear, the legs stand and move true in line with the movement of the front legs, not too close or too wide. Dewclaws on the rear legs are undesirable and should be removed shortly after puppies are whelped.
Upper thigh
 Heavily muscled.
Stifle
 Moderately bent.
Hock
 Moderately bent and well let down.

Feet
Of the « snowshoe » type, tight and deep, with well-cushioned pads, giving a firm, compact appearance. The feet are large, toes tight fitting and well arched. There is a protective growth of hair between the toes. The pads are thick and tough; toenails short and strong.

Gait and movement
The gait of the Malamute is steady, balanced and powerful. He is agile for his size and build. When viewed from the side, the hindquarters exhibit strong rear drive that is transmitted through a well-muscled loin to forequarters. The forequarters receive the drive from the rear with a smooth reaching stride. When viewed from the front or from the rear, the legs move true in line, not too close or too wide. At a fast trot, the feet will converge toward the centerline of the body. A stilted gait, or any gait that is not completely efficient and tireless is to be penalized.

Coat
Hair
 The Malamute has a thick, coarse guard coat, never long and soft. The undercoat is dense, from one to two inches in depth, oily and woolly. The coarse guard coat varies in length as does the undercoat. The coat is relatively short to medium along the sides of the body, with the length of the coat increasing around the shoulders and neck, down the back, over the croup and in the breeching and plume. Malamutes usually have a shorter and less dense coat during the summer months. The Malamute is shown naturally. Trimming is not acceptable except to provide a clean cut appearance of feet.
Colour
 The usual colors range from light gray through intermediate shadings to black, sable, and shading of sable to red. Color combinations are acceptable in undercoats, points and trimmings. The only solid color allowable is all-white. White is always the predominant color on underbody, parts of legs, feet, and part of face markings. A white blaze on the forehead and/or collar or a spot on the nape is attractive and acceptable. The Malamute is mantled, and broken colors extending over the body or uneven splashing are undesirable.

Size and weight
Height at withers
 There is a natural range in size in the breed. The desirable freighting sizes are : Males : 25 inches at the shoulders - 85 pounds (63,5 cm - 38 kg). Females : 23 inches at the shoulders - 75 pounds (58,5 cm - 34 kg). However, size consideration should not outweigh that of type, proportion, movement and other functional attributes. When dogs are judged equal in type, proportion, movement, the dog nearest the desirable freighting size is to be preferred.

Faults
• Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog and its ability to perform its traditional work.
• Faults listed should be in degree of seriousness.

Disqualifying faults
 Aggresive or overly shy.
 Blue eyes.

Important
In judging Alaskan Malamutes their function as a sledge dog for heavy freighting in the Arctic must be given consideration above all else. The degree to which a dog is penalized should depend upon the extent to which the dog deviates from the description of the ideal Malamute and upon the extent to which the particular fault would actually affect the working ability of the dog. The legs of the Malamute must indicate unusual strength and tremendous propelling power. Any indication of unsoundness in legs and feet, front or rear, standing or moving, is to be considered a serious fault. Faults under this provision would be splay-footedness, cowhocks, bad pasterns, straight shoulders, lack of angulation, stilted gait (or any gait that isn’t balanced, strong and steady), ranginess, shallowness, ponderousness, lightness of bone and poor overall proportion.

NB :
• Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalities shall be disqualified.
• The above mentioned faults when occurring to a highly marked degree or frequently are disqualifying.
• Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fully descended into the scrotum.
• Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with breed typical conformation should be used for breeding.

Bibliography
https://www.fci.be/
Details
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  • Otterhound

    Otterhound

    Otterhound FCI Standard No. 294 Origin Great Britain Group Group 6 Scenthounds and related breeds Section Section 1.1 Large-sized hounds Working Without working trial Date of acceptance on a definitive basis by the FCI Thursday 12 September 1974 Date of publication of the official valid standard Tuesday 08 September 2026 Date of the last update Tuesday 06...
  • Miniature Bull Terrier

    Miniature Bull Terrier

    Miniature Bull Terrier FCI Standard No. 359 Origin Grande-Bretagne Group Group 3 Terriers Section Section 3 Bull type Terriers Working Working trial optional Date of acceptance on a definitive basis by the FCI Tuesday 05 July 2011 Date of acceptance on a provisional basis by the FCI Tuesday 05 July 2011 Date of publication of the official valid...
  • Mastiff

    Mastiff

    Mastiff FCI Standard No. 264 Origin Great Britain Group Group 2 Pinscher and Schnauzer – Molossoid breeds - Swiss Mountain and Cattle Dogs Section Section 2.1 Molossoid breeds, Mastiff Type Working Without working trial Date of acceptance on a definitive basis by the FCI Thursday 05 November 1964 Date of publication of the official valid standard Tuesday 08...
  • Lhassa Apso

    Lhassa Apso

    Lhassa Apso FCI Standard No. 227 Origin Tibet (China)Patronage Great Britain Group Group 9 Companion and Toy Dogs Section Section 5 Tibetan breeds Working Without working trial Date of acceptance on a definitive basis by the FCI Saturday 19 November 1960 Date of publication of the official valid standard Tuesday 08 September 2026 Date of the last...
  • Lancashire-Heeler

    Lancashire-Heeler

    Lancashire-Heeler FCI Standard No. 360 Origin England, patronage : FCI Group Group 1 Sheepdogs and Cattle Dogs (except Swiss Cattle Dogs) Section Section 1 Sheepdogs Working Without working trial Date of acceptance on a provisional basis by the FCI Sunday 01 May 2016 Date of publication of the official valid standard Tuesday 08 September 2026 Date...
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